Ụkpụrụ nke mmepụta ike anyanwụ na-agbanwe ike ọkụ ka ọ bụrụ ike eletriki site na iji mmetụta fotovoltaic nke njikọ semiconductor. Isi ihe dị na teknụzụ a bụ sel anyanwụ. A na-etinye ma chekwaa mkpụrụ ndụ anyanwụ n'usoro iji mepụta modulu sel anyanwụ buru ibu wee jikọta ya na njikwa ike ma ọ bụ ihe ndị yiri ya iji mepụta ngwaọrụ mmepụta ike fotovoltaic. A na-akpọ usoro ahụ dum sistemụ mmepụta ike fotovoltaic. Sistemụ mmepụta ike fotovoltaic nwere usoro sel anyanwụ, ngwugwu batrị, ndị na-achịkwa chajị na mwepụ, inverters fotovoltaic anyanwụ, igbe ngwakọta na akụrụngwa ndị ọzọ.
Gịnị kpatara eji eji inverter eme ihe na sistemụ mmepụta ike fotovoltaic nke anyanwụ?
Inverter bụ ngwaọrụ nke na-agbanwe ọkụ eletrik kpọmkwem ka ọ bụrụ ọkụ eletrik na-agbanwe agbanwe. Mkpụrụ ndụ anyanwụ ga-emepụta ike DC n'anwụ, ike DC echekwara na batrị bụkwa ike DC. Agbanyeghị, sistemụ ike DC nwere oke mmachi. Ibu AC dị ka oriọna fluorescent, TV, friji, na fan eletriki na ndụ kwa ụbọchị enweghị ike ike DC. Maka mmepụta ike fotovoltaic ka ejiri ya mee ihe nke ukwuu na ndụ anyị kwa ụbọchị, inverters nke nwere ike ịgbanwe ọkụ eletrik kpọmkwem ka ọ bụrụ ọkụ eletrik na-agbanwe agbanwe dị oke mkpa.
Dịka akụkụ dị mkpa nke mmepụta ike fotovoltaic, a na-ejikarị inverter fotovoltaic eme ihe iji gbanwee ọkụ eletrik kpọmkwem nke modulu fotovoltaic mepụtara ka ọ bụrụ ọkụ eletrik na-agbanwe agbanwe. Inverter abụghị naanị ọrụ nke mgbanwe DC-AC, kamakwa ọ nwere ọrụ nke ime ka arụmọrụ nke sel anyanwụ dịkwuo elu na ọrụ nke nchekwa nsogbu sistemụ. Ihe na-esonụ bụ obere okwu mmalite maka ọrụ akpaka na ọrụ mmechi nke inverter fotovoltaic na ọrụ njikwa nsochi ike kachasị.
1. Ọrụ njikwa ike kachasị elu
Mmepụta nke modulu sel anyanwụ na-agbanwe dabere na ike nke radieshon anyanwụ na okpomọkụ nke modulu sel anyanwụ n'onwe ya (okpomọkụ chip). Na mgbakwunye, ebe modulu sel anyanwụ nwere njirimara na voltaji na-ebelata ka ọkụ eletrik na-abawanye, enwere ebe ọrụ kachasị mma ebe enwere ike nweta ike kachasị. Ike nke radieshon anyanwụ na-agbanwe, o doro anya na ebe ọrụ kacha mma na-agbanwekwa. N'ihe gbasara mgbanwe ndị a, ebe ọrụ nke modulu sel anyanwụ na-adị mgbe niile na ebe ike kachasị, sistemụ ahụ na-enwetakwa mmepụta ike kachasị elu site na modulu sel anyanwụ. Njikwa a bụ njikwa nlekota ike kachasị. Ihe kachasị mkpa nke inverters maka sistemụ ike anyanwụ bụ na ha gụnyere ọrụ nke nlekota ebe ike kachasị elu (MPPT).
2. Ọrụ akpaaka na ọrụ nkwụsị
Mgbe anyanwụ wachara n'ụtụtụ, ike nke radieshon anyanwụ na-abawanye nwayọ nwayọ, mmepụta nke sel anyanwụ na-abawanyekwa. Mgbe ike mmepụta nke inverter chọrọ ruru, inverter na-amalite ịrụ ọrụ na akpaghị aka. Mgbe ọ banyere n'ọrụ, inverter ga-enyocha mmepụta nke modulu sel anyanwụ oge niile. Ọ bụrụhaala na ike mmepụta nke modulu sel anyanwụ karịrị ike mmepụta achọrọ maka inverter iji rụọ ọrụ, inverter ga-anọgide na-agba ọsọ; ọ ga-akwụsị ruo mgbe anyanwụ dara, ọbụlagodi ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ ígwé ojii na mmiri ozuzo. Inverter nwekwara ike ịrụ ọrụ. Mgbe mmepụta nke modulu sel anyanwụ na-adị obere ma mmepụta nke inverter dị nso na 0, inverter ga-emepụta ọnọdụ njikere.
Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ abụọ a kọwara n'elu, inverter fotovoltaic nwekwara ọrụ nke igbochi ọrụ onwe onye (maka sistemụ ejikọtara grid), ọrụ mgbanwe voltaji akpaka (maka sistemụ ejikọtara grid), ọrụ nchọpụta DC (maka sistemụ ejikọtara grid), na ọrụ nchọpụta ala DC (maka sistemụ ejikọtara grid) na ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Na sistemụ mmepụta ike anyanwụ, arụmọrụ nke inverter bụ ihe dị mkpa nke na-ekpebi ikike nke sel anyanwụ na ikike nke batrị.
Oge ozi: Eprel-01-2023
